nsisting on 'Distinct republics' connected under a 'federal head' as 'pretend federalists'" (O'Brien 414).
In literature of the period, various ideologies took shape that either supported States' sovereignty coinciding with federal sovereignty or the Federalist position of national (i.e. popular sovereignty). As Hall, Wiecek, and Finkelman (56) state, publications of the era after Independence "combined republican ideology and experience to create a national government, first as a loose confederation that managed to see them through the War of Independence, and then as a national republic that was itself a state having sufficient powers of governance." Many individual Americans also chose literary means of activism where the Federalist Movement was concerned. One of these Americans was Fisher Ames, a distinguished orator
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