ation's commitment to liberalism. It also has the effect, however, of increasing the nation's vulnerability to protection by others" (10-11).
Unilateral, bilateral and multilateral strategies can be used to change payoff structures and increase cooperation.
In "The Shadow of the Future: Single-Play and Iterated Games," Oye writes that in such situations"the temptation of unilateral defection is balanced by the fear of the collision that follows from mutual defection" (14). The important point in this section is that a nation must take along-range viewpoint and think about future problems which may arise because of action it takes in a certain conflict. A nation must consider the reputation it builds as it cooperates or defects, because this reputation will play an important part in future dealings with
Oye also points out the problems that may arise between nations if those nations have different definitions for defection. Also, he points out the importance of knowing when a nation is defecting or not:
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