distinguish between healthy and unhealthy religious/spiritual functioning, and 56% believed that treatment impacted client religious and spiritual functioning. Of this group, 60% reported that religious/spiritual problems arose from disorders.
The second study included a national survey of 1,000 clinical psychologists. The study participants were randomly selected from the American Psychological Association Research Office mailing list of members. Of this list, 333 completed the survey. Chi square was used to determine if the mailing list differed from the sample in terms of gender, racial identification, or age; findings showed no significant difference. The survey included a revision of the items used in the first study; items were rated on a scale from one to five. Alpha ratings ranging from .79 to .86 demonstrated internal consistency of the scale. Descriptive statistics, to include relative frequencies of the number of practice habits were used to describe data. Findings included that 12% and 18% reported never asking about religiousness or spirituality during client assessment and over half stated that they rarely or never examined the impact of the disorder on these issues. Most never or rarely set treatment goals related to religious or spiritual needs and over 80% never or rarely consulted or collaborated with religious professionals when treating a client. The authors used a Bonferroni correction to compensate for increased Type I error risk and correlations were significant with p less than .007.
Correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationship between client religiousness and: having religious/spiritual treatment goals (r = .46); and noting changes in client religious/spiritual functioning (r = .41). Changes in client religious/spiritual functioning were related to setting spiritual/religious treatment goals (r = .56). Psychologists who did consult with religious professionals wer...