EFFECTIVENESS OF TOPICAL AND INTRAVENOUS APPLICATION OF LIDOCAINE FOR BLUNTING INCREASES IN HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE DURING LARYNGOSCOPY AND INTUBATION
Endotracheal Intubation. An endotracheal tube is inserted through the larynx into the trachea (Morgan & Mikhail, 1996).
Intravenous (IV) Lidocaine. Aqueous lidocaine hydrochloride, 5 ml in a 2% mixture, administered IV, 4 minutes before endotracheal intubation (Morgan & Mikhail, 1996).
Topical Lidocaine. Aqueous lidocaine hydrochloride, 5 ml in a 4% mixture, sprayed topically to the upper airway and vocal cords 4 minutes prior to endotracheal intubation (Morgan & Mikhail, 1996).
Blood Pressure Change. For this study the blood pressure change will include an increase in systolic blood pressure of 10 mmHg or more at five, ten, and fifteen minute intervals, compared to pre-induction blood pressure.
Heart Rate Change. For this study the heart rate change will include an increase in heart rate of 10 beats per minute at five, ten, and fifteen minute intervals, compared to pre-induction heart rate.
For this study, archival data to be reviewed will be from hospital charts and will not include physical or psychometric measurement of subjects.
Hospital Charts. For this study hospital charts for the 40 patients used as subjects will be reviewed for archival data regarding heart rates and blood pressure. Heart rate was recorded on the chart based on EKG readings. Blood pressure information was based on the measurements from a non-invasive blood pressure cuff. The chart will also indicate when and how the lidocaine was administered. Since these charts are not constructed instruments, there is no author information, or reliability or validity data to report.
Data Collection Form. For this study, data regarding heart rate and blood pressure measurements will be collected from the hospital chart and transferred to a data collection form designed by the researc...