t the issue of undue influence or manipulation may raise ethical concerns. To further complicate this issue, there may be instances where the counselor differs in opinion or aspirations from the client and this bias is used to influence the client toward the counselor's goals.
Four general principles of MI include: express empathy, develop discrepancy, roll with resistance, and support self-efficacy. MI facilitates and enhances intrinsic motivation and reduces resistance with these principles. With MI argumentation is avoided since this evokes resistance, opposition, and defensiveness. MI counselors avoid labeling and accusations and they acknowledge the tendency for reluctance to change. Empathy is expressed and this is considered one of the most important aspects of MI. This acceptance is found to lower resistance and encourage self-motivational statements. When confrontation is used it is to create or amplify discrepancies between client values and behaviors. This goal of MI is to help the client to become aware
...