l charismatic leaders, who, by verbal and symbolic behavior, raise the values and collective identities in followers' self-concepts and articulate the goals and the required efforts in terms of those values and identities. Through such actions, charismatic leaders make efforts and goals more meaningful for followers and harness the motivational forces of self- expression, self-consistency, self-esteem, and self-worth.
Swanson and his colleagues constantly emphasize that effective management is much more than
Leadership & Leadership Styles. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 05:24, May 06, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1695558.html