in including everyone to insure that culturally sensitive attitudes are adapted, are multiple. Teachers, administrators, students, parents, community members and more are involved in the education of these students. In addition the teachers must continue to provide instruction to these students that meets state standards. Including and providing for the needs of each party involved is the job of the leader and this effort has served as an obstacle leading to stress. This stress has resulted in the leader acting in an authoritarian manner, leaving little room for cultural or individual sensitivity. Thus teachers are unhappy and overcompensating and students perceive these attitudes as discriminatory.
The following presents the construction of a theory of change that would be effective in dealing with the adaptive problem and leadership dilemma presented. Theories of prominent and contemporary change theorists, Argyris and Schon, Senge and Oshry, and Kotter along with personal beliefs about change are used to develop the new theory of change for this situation.
To deal with the adaptive problem and leadership dilemma, an adequate theory of change must be constructed. There is a difference between theories-in-use and espoused theories. The espoused theory provides an individual's account of their own behavior. Theories-in-use actually guide people's behavior. Argyris and Schon describe theories-in-use in Reframing Organizations by Bolman and Deal (2003). Their example of Model I, which includes the core assumption that an organization is a dangerous place where the individual must look out for themselves, can be applied in this case. While the goals and school mission in this case, are the opposite of this assumption, efforts to please everyone have resulted in stress and needs for self-protection for all. The literature also pointed out that according to Senge, while people learn best from their experience, they...