do not tend to directly experience the consequences of their decisions (Bolman & Deal, p. 28). This learning dilemma can be used to help understand what has taken place in the current situation as well as how to resolve problems. In addition, Kotter presents eight stages that are found to be successful in change initiatives, and Argyris and Schon present Model II assumptions, which can each be applied in this situation.
On a personal note, I believe that to change, one must view their behavior from another's perspective. Self-views of one's own behavior tend to be based on personal values and goals rather than actual behavior. I have had the experience of understanding my own leadership behaviors to be inspirational and considerate of all others when in actuality they were the opposite. A review of others' opinions of my behavior quickly pointed out that in fact I acted in a controlling manner that appeared to be oblivious of the other's needs. Thus the
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