n and training activities are developmental activities designed to enhance employee skills for the benefit of the organization and employee (Papmehl 2002, p. 12).
Employment relations promote good relationships among managers and employees. In some organizations, this means reducing employer and employee hostilities, or keeping employee dissatisfaction to a minimum. In other organizations, it means fair and equitable treatment of all employees. Guaranteed employment, grievance procedures or assistance programs, such as for drug or alcohol abuse, are part of employee relations. This area also includes worker safety activities to reduce work-related accidents, health hazards and injury. Labor relations, in which conditions of employment are collectively organized with unionized employees, is the most visible activity in employment relations.
The design and administration of compensation programs addresses issues related to rewarding employee expertise and service. Pay levels, ensuring a fair and equitable pay structure, pay increas
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