Application of Orem's Nursing Theory
Nursing theor
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Nursing theory should, in general, have a significant impact on clinical practice. Patient care situations can usually be viewed within the context of some theoretical framework. Dorothea Orem's general theory of nursing provides one such framework. The theory essentially defines the need for nursing care. This need occurs whenever a person experiences some limitation or deficit which interferes with their ability to maintain self-care. Further, the theory delineates the various interactions which should occur between a nurse and a patient. Orem's theory can be used, for example, to describe the home nursing care appropriate for a young female patient with a fractured hip. Furthermore, Orem's theory is particularly useful because it can also incorporate other theories. The overall conceptual framework that is then created may address practically every aspect of patient care. According to Taylor (1988), "nursing practice is inextricably linked to nursing theory: what nurses do is dependent on their nursing knowledge and on how they think about nursing" (Taylor, 1988, pp. 111-119). Theory, therefore, provides a structure and direction for nursing action. Dorothea Orem's general theory of nursing describes nursing as a complex form of deliberate interpersonal action that ultimately provides a helping human health service. Orem's theory can be subdivided into three component hypotheses. These include the following: (1) t
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zation. Such a patient, once they were discharged from the hospital, would then need a supportive-educative nursing system during rehabilitation (Mehta, 1993, pp. 182-185).
The importance of nursing theory to nursing practice might be best illustrated by applying it to a typical patient. One such patient might consist of Mrs. L. M. A month ago, Mrs. L. M. became involved in an auto accident. The collision left her with a fractured right femur. The fracture occurs on the outside of the joint. After some time in the hospital, Mrs. L. M. was sent home with a partial body cast extending from the middle of her abdomen to the base of her leg and toe. The body cast also extends to the knee of her left leg.
Mrs. L. M. is a 28-year-old Caucasian female. Prior to the auto accident, she worked as an office clerk. She has two children--a 12-year-old son, D. M., and a 9-year-old daughter, B.M. Although Mrs. L. M. is divorced, she still maintains good communication with the children's father. Her ex-husband works as a local truck driver and is able to visit them weekly. Fortunately, Mrs. L. M.'s parents live near her home. They visit her often and are able to provide her with transportation, run errands, and perform certain h
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