The Attack on Pearl Harbor & U.S. Entry in WWII
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Prior to September 11, 2001, the most significant attack on United States soil was represented by the Japanese attack on the United States Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Up until this time, the United States government and public were reluctant for America to involve itself in what was generally perceived as a ôEuropeanö conflict. Nevertheless, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt urged Congress to approve United States involvement in the war. The alleged ôsurpriseö attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese caught United States forces by complete surprise. Earlier that same day Winston Churchill had appealed to the United States to enter the war, while President Roosevelt had sent a warning to the Emperor of Japan underscoring the fact that war could not be averted unless the Japanese yielded to American sentiments. Because of this, a great deal of controversy revolves around the attack on Pearl Harbor and the response by United States forces under the leadership of President Roosevelt. As Conrad Crane (2001) argues, many felt that Roosevelt purposefully agitated Japan to attack the United States ôin order to galvanize a reluctant American public into supporting national participation in World War IIö (157). This analysis will reveal the reasons behind JapanÆs attack on Pearl Harbor and whether or not President Roosevelt was the right man at the right time for the job. The attack on Pearl Harbor occurred during an era wh
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not hear from the Mikado by Monday evening, I plan to publish my letter to the Mikado with my own comments. There is only one thing that can save the situation and avoid war, and that is for the Mikado to exercise his prerogative. If he does not...there is no averting war (Prange 1988, 247).
With such an outspoken and clear intention of military intervention if the Japanese did not heed American wishes, it is unlikely Roosevelt would have felt he needed an attack on American soil to justify his intentions.
Nevertheless, just after the events of Pearl Harbor, a variety of conspiracy theories began to emerge that ranged from Roosevelt deliberately choosing to not warn military commanders to ChurchillÆs withholding of valuable information. However, after an exhaustive study of the events and evidence available pertaining to them, authors Clausen and Lee believe that there is ôsimply no firm evidence supporting any conspiracy theoryö (5). A good deal of argument that paints Roosevelt as being responsible for the attack centers around the code-breaking capacity supplied to him prior to the attack. Allegedly this Magic or ôwinds interceptö message revealed that attack was imminent. While there are few who doubt that American of
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Approximate Word count = 2067
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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