with reinforcement across grade levels, use of developmentally tailored activities, promotion of personal and social competencies (anger management, problem-solving, etc.), use of interactive techniques, ethnic sensitivity, staff training, activities for positive school climate, and activities which foster norms against violence, aggression, and bullying. Elements that may not be successful include: use of scare tactics, segregation of aggressive students, use of brief programs, and exclusive use of self-esteem programs.
As an overview of the study, the researchers evaluated findings from the literature and from interviews with experts, to determine elements of a successful and unsuccessful school violence prevention program. Subjects for the study were 15 experts on school-violence. Findings showed that there are nine critical elements that must be a part of a successful school violence prevention program: use of a multifaceted approach, begin in primary grades and reinforce across grade levels, developmentally tailor program aspects, promote personal and social competenci
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