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Introduction The past decade has provided enough corporate scandals, financial frauds, and reckless risk management in investment services to last most people a lifetime. Many of the behaviors involved misstatements of financial performance, failure to disclose relevant information to people with a right to have such information, and insider trading. The underlying responsibility for the occurrence of such events lies primarily with the perpetrators of those events. Some degree of responsibility, however, also has been attributed to failures of corporate governance, as well as to the complicity or the ineptitude of the accounting firms that certified the financial statements of corporations. Encompassing all of the objectionable behaviors and all of the parties sharing responsibility for these behaviors, however, is a widespread breakdown of the adherence to ethical principles. Purpose of This Paper The findings of a review of the unacceptable practice

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Romanticism is defined as "a movement of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that marked the reaction in literature, philosophy, art, religion, and politics from the Neoclassicism and formal orthodoxy of the preceding period" (Holman and Harmon 1). Realism, in contrast, is broadly defined as "the faithful representation of reality or verisimilitude" reflected in a literary technique that "centers attention to a remarkable degree on the immediate, the here and now, the specific action, and the verifiable consequence" ("Realism in American Literature..." 1). Realism seems to begin where Romanticism ends although the two genres in literature do at times overlap ("American Literature..." 1). By examining a number of stories and poems, one can understand this transition and recognize that Realism "was a literary movement directly opposed to the previous movement of Romanticism" (Moore 1). Among the Romantics such as Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe one finds fictional ex

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Existential therapy arose through the influence and collaboration of various psychotherapists with Swiss psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger at the Bellevue asylum in Switzerland in the early 20th century (Lanzoni, 2004, p. 285). Binswanger conferred with Carl Jung and Freud and was influenced by the work of Edmund Husserl, Max Scheler, and Martin Heidegger-the major contributors to the theory-as he attempted to understand the psychopathology of his patients in a new light-not as some deficiency in their cognitive processes but instead as "a set of unique experiences that entailed an entire 'world' which the patient inhabited" (Lanzoni, 2004, p. 286). These early case studies elaborated on the patient's experience of being schizophrenic and feeling out of place both temporally and spacially, and although many of the cases were not a success, they were helpful in contributing to an interpretive understanding that gave the psychotherapist entrance into the world of psychosis (Lanzoni

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This research examines the novel The Alchemist: A Fable About Following Your Dream by Paulo Coelho as an iteration of a quest myth, with the object of the quest being the imperative of self-actualization, or, as Coelho has it, fulfillment of a personal legend. The plan of the research will be to set forth the pattern of ideas in the work and then to discuss the means by which Coelho deploys Santiago's adventures to lend moral weight to those ideas and in the process validate Santiago's heroic stature. The events of The Alchemist, which involve the hero Santiago in a quest for personal fulfillment, are consistent with mythical adventure as described by Campbell: "The effect of the successful adventure of the hero is the unlocking and release again of the flow of life into the body of the world" (40). While Campbell is referring to what could be called "world-historical" mythic heroes whose deeds redound to the transformation of the whole of human experience of the cosmos

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Introduction Empathy is an integral part of nursing and a theory borrowed from Kohut's Self-Psychology Model. Defined as "the capacity to experience the feelings of another as one's own" (Merriam-Webster, 1995, as cited in Walker & Alligood, 2001, p. 140), empathy enables the practicing nurse to experience what her patient is experiencing, thus understanding his pain, his fear, his malaise, and his distress. The term "empathy" comes from the German word Einfuhlung, whose literal meaning is "feeling into," a description that aptly conveys the way a nurse senses the patient's feelings and responds to them (Hojat et al., 2003, p. 26). Through empathy, the nurse can relate better to the patient's perspective and provide care that is more understanding and compassionate. Empathy in Nursing Practice In Kohut's Self-Psychology Model, the practice was psychotherapy rather than nursing, and the theory of empathy was considered a means of gathering data about the

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Introduction The human brain is a warehouse of information and knowledge; and language is directly relevant to this warehouse. Specifically, language plays a key role in comprehension as well as semantic and structural constraints that make some words more likely to be produced than others (language production). Language also plays a role in memory and memory access. In terms of the relationship of language to memory, Goldstein (2009) defines memory as all of the operations and processes that are involved in acquiring, storing, retaining and retrieving information. However, it must be noted that there are many different types of memory (e.g., long-term memory, short-term memory, episodic memory, etc.). This paper examines one type of memory, semantic memory, and explores its relationship to language production. Nature and Function of Semantic Memory Semantic memory can be defined as a person's knowledge of the world in general without any memory of specific personal lif

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Although Hip Hop was not designed to be a cultural movement, it became one. In the introduction to Jeff Chang's Can't Stop, Won't Stop, DJ Kool Herc describes the Hip Hop movement as being one where the vibe is "Come as you are," with no showing off or phoniness (Chang, 2005, p. xi). The historical factors that influenced its development were the civil rights movement and the decline of the South Bronx, or "Necropolis," as Chang (2005, p. 16) terms it, coupled with the advent of Reggae DJ Kool Herc. Herc adapted his native Jamaican Reggae music, which was not too well received in the Bronx, and the adaptation of chanting over the instrumental parts of the music became Hip Hop. Intermingled with these factors was the influence of other black groups, such as the Boboshanti, a Rastafarian sect (Chang, 2005, p. 39) and Latino groups, as well as gangs. These groups had been shunted aside cu

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The article by Lederer and Mendelow has the primary purpose of determining whether participating in strategy formulation enables information resource managers to understand top management's objectives. The specific audience benefiting from the study would be information resource managers or any managers participating in strategy formulation within a firm. The justific

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The internet is still growing, with an estimated 60 million domain names registered (goecart). Yet there is much that a company can do to have a successful ebusiness strategy. This will help your company rise above its competitors and turn just a website into a strong marketing tool. As with any business venture, a strong business plan is essential. Ebusiness is an investment and needs to be analyzed as such. Be ready for unexpected changes in the internet market and have a plan for meeting them. Choose software carefully. You do not want to be bogged down with technical difficulties when doing business, and the internet can be fraught with them. Maintenance will be cheaper in the future and shutdowns less common if you understand what you are deal

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Causal Antecedents of Kenya's Mau Mau Rebellion As described by David Anderson (2), "Kenya's explosion into struggle came just as the old European empires were running out of steam. By 1952, the year in which the Mau Mau emergency began, the once might imperial powers were contracting." Throughout Africa, the colonies once occupied and dominated by white Europeans were undergoing often quite dramatic changes among which nationalization and a return to indigenous African rule were key. The process of decolonization was nowhere in Africa particularly easy. In Kenya, the emergence of the Mau Mau signaled the introduction of a period of violence that was directed not only against the country's white settlers but also against those privileged African tribal elites. In this essay, an investigation of the causes of the Mau Mau rebellion will be undertaken. It is important to recognize that the main support for the Mau Mau came from so-called squatter tenants, most of whom were f

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William Faulkner's short story "A Rose for Emily" provides clues that the reader can choose to acknowledge or ignore, but nowhere in the story does Faulkner clearly state why Emily Grierson murdered Homer Barron. Faulkner has discussed the story, however, and did reveal that it was about how inhumanity toward people can lead to murder. This suggests that the inhumanity that Emily suffered, both at the hands of her father and at those of society, which is rarely kind to women that never marry, may have led to psychological scars that eventually prompted her to murder Homer. Faulkner's insight into the story is a generalized one, however, that does not explicitly provide a motive for the murder, only a sense of the pain that might have affected Emily profoundly enough to make her amenable to the idea of murder. This paper will explore the reasons and motives that led Emily to murder Homer, illuminating the factors that played a part in her actions. One of the most

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The conviction expressed by Taylor Mali (2010) is that Americans need to do more than question authority; they need "to speak with it too." Mali (2010) maintains that there are so many conflicted feelings, personal opinions and beliefs in society that we have adopted the "wisdom of the bumper sticker" instead of using declarative statements with conviction and authority to denote what is true. This is very similar to Plato's Dividing Line theory and Cave of Shadows analogy regarding truth. People are trapped in the cave thinking the flickers of light and shadows they see are truth, when they are just "sens

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Work-related stress is increasingly common in today's workplaces, not only because people are under stress due to their own personal situations but because organizations behave in ways that induce stress in employees. Fox, Spector, and Miles (292) cite Lazarus, who points out that people watch and evaluate events that occur in the work environment, noting that employees view some types of events as a threat to their well-being; the authors identify that these events as "job stressors" that can provoke anger or anxiety. A variety of issues including conflict, ambiguity, interpersonal conflict, and situational constraints can all be job stressors, while strain can occur in response to psychological factors such as job dissatisfaction or fear of job loss, physical factors such as discomfort or high blood pressure, or behavioral factors such as smoking or work withdrawal (Fox, Spector, & Miles 292). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is a hallmark of job-related st

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Classic Airlines is facing a number of serious marketing challenges, and its current corporate culture is impeding efforts to achieve a turnaround. The culture is characterized by a disconnect between upper management decision makers and the employees that actually work with and talk to the customers. For example, the head of marketing insisted on a series of price cuts, but this was not a productive strategy. It did little to appeal to customers, which the line workers are aware are not that interested in price but in how they are treated, and at the same time it caused problems-razor-thin margins and a price war. The disconnect between upper management and employees means that upper management is making decisions in their ivory tower, so to speak, insulated from what is really going on and informed only b

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Introduction The foci of the discussions that are presented in this paper are supply, demand, the interrelationship between supply and demand, and the role of price elasticity in the interrelationship between supply and demand. Supply, Demand, the Interrelationship between Supply and Demand, and the Sources of Changes in Supply and Demand Demand Demand refers to the quantity of product that is needed or that is desired by consumers. The product may be a good or it may be a service. Consumers may be individuals, families, or organizations. Individual demand refers to the quantity of a product that is demanded by one individual, one family, or one organization. Market demand, or aggregate demand, is the quantity of a product that is demanded by all consumers. The level of demand for a product is a function of the interactions between consumer needs and desires and product price. The demand curve for a product reflects the aggregate product quantit

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American literature between 1860 and 1912 demonstrated a tension between realism and romanticism that reflected profound changes occurring in the nation's industry and lifestyle. While romanticism was still popular, and romantic novels abounded, industrialization was producing new ways of working and living that were harder than before. Issues of the heart as evidenced in novels such as Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter or Whitman's Leaves of Grass were being shunted aside by harsher realities of rough wilderness living, factory work, and urban slums such as Sinclair's The Jungle and William Dean Howells' The Rise of Silas Lapham. With romantic literature expressing the yearnings of the human heart and realistic literature describing man's environment and the gritty problems of modern life, there was an inevitable tension between the two literary perspectives. Part of this tension was due to the fact that both the romantic and the realistic perspectives were integral and vital to the important issues of life. The adultery issue brought up in The Scarle

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Bobbie Ann Mason's In Country and Kent Haruf's Plainsong are both stories in which the theme of family is prevalent. Although there are common elements in each author's portrayal of family, ultimately family is portrayed differently in the two novels, and it affects what happens to the main characters. In In Country, Sam's family is a fragmented one, leaving Sam disenfranchised. Her father has died in the Vietnam War and her mother has remarried and started a new family in another town. Sam lives with her uncle, Emmett, who has suffered a variety of ill effects from serving in the Vietnam War, and while the two of them spend time with their grandmother, there is no real family unit to be found anywhere in their family. Everyone is struggling to understand both themselves and others in the family. Family for Sam is a collection of individuals that are mostly gone from her life or living a disjointed existence that interfaces with hers only at a superficial level

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Introduction During the Harlem Renaissance an explosion in artistic expression among African Americans occurred. Coinciding with this expression was a questioning by African Americans of racism in white America and of new expressions of identity and success. So, too, the impact of centuries of slavery and racism on subsequent generations also became a focus of black artists. One of the most successful poets and authors of the age was Langston Hughes. In many of his poems the author questions racism and its impact on African Americans. In others he questions the hypocrisy of democratic values that seem to exclude blacks. It is Hughes' own life experiences with racism and prejudice that inspired his creative expression. Throughout these poems, Hughes serves as a voice of hope and justice for African Americans, despite living in a racist society. Body In a segregated and racist society, African Americans routinely faced all manner of discrimina

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Introduction The following presents a discussion of the psychology of middle childhood. Findings from multiple sources are presented. This is followed by an analysis of results and conclusions. The Psychology of Middle Childhood Middle childhood presents with the quest for increased independence and this comes with related behaviors and needs (CDC, 2010; Medline Plus, 2010; Text). Children in this age group seek out a new sense of self but in the process they remain aware of their need for their parents. A survey of parents revealed that warmth and involvement with activity monitoring was linked to higher levels of academic and social competence in children. During this age period sibling rivalry may increase. As the child participates in more activities they maintain a need for parental affection and approval and when they perceive a sibling as getting more of this attention, rivalry may occur. Same sex and close age is related to increased parental comparisons for a

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Paulo Freire's (2004, p. 99) statement that "Education is suffering from narration sickness" refers to the traditional mode of education in the classroom where the teacher simply talks on and on and the students must sit patiently and listen like little receptacles of knowledge. As Freire (2004, p. 99) puts it, the "teacher-student relationship...[has a] fundamentally narrative character...[that] involves a narrating Subject (the teacher) and patient listening objects (the students). Freire (2004, p. 99) points out that the teacher's job is to fill up the students with words that are so disconnected from reality that they have become meaningless for the students. This is a boring, dehumanizing approach to education that Freire (2004, pp. 100, 106) calls the "banking concept of education" predicated on deposits into children and that he insists would be better replaced by what he terms "problem-posing education" based on an educational environment wher

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A company engaged in the design, manufacturing, and advertising of a computer modem will need to address a number of overlapping Intellectual Property (IP) law principles. Since the product is a form of an invention, it must be patented (United States Patent and Trademark Office, 2010). Patents protect the invention itself whereas a trademark is a word, phrase, symbol, or design or a combination of these elements that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods from one party to another (United States Patent and Trademark Office, 2010). The company manufacturing the model should obtain trademark protection for the logo or brand name that it will place on its modem. A copyright protects an original ar

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Gaslight (1944) In the 1944 film Gaslight, the filmmaker's intent was to convince the viewer that Paula was going insane. When her husband would go out in the evening, she would notice strange happenings in the house, such as the gaslights going down and then coming back up, and she heard noises on the floor above, which had been sealed up. She would lose things and become confused about what had really happened. Although the viewer finds out at the end that Paula was sane, he is taken in by these situations just as Paula is and led to believe that he is watching her go mad. The film's principal theme is greed, notably the greed of Anton for Alice's rare and valuable jewels. It drives him to do everything that he does, and at the end he acknowledges that he does not really know why. He tells Paula at the end, "I don't ask you to understand me. Between us all the time were those jewels, like a fire-a fire in my brain that separated us-those jewels which I wanted all my life. I don't know why" (Cukor, 1944). The film's director, George

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Of the current pedagogical techniques in use in education, Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is one of the most useful for professional teacher practice and one that I strive to employ as much as possible. Gardner identifies eight different types of intelligence that teachers can promote in the classroom-linguistic, mathematical, spatial, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrape

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I. Introduction: U.S. has a growing nursing shortage (Rosseter, 2009) A. Baby Boomers aging, increased need for healthcare B. U.S. nursing shortage is projected to grow to 260,000 registered nurses by 2025 C. American Health Care Association report from July 2008 shows over 19,400 RN vacancies in long-term care settings and 116,000 more open positions in hospitals D. Total RN vacancies in the U.S. number more than 135,000, a national RN vacancy rate of 8.1% E. In March 2008, the Council on Physician and Nurse supply stated that 30,000 more nurses need to gr

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Democracy is difficult to define. Not that its various meanings have changed throughout history. Rather, it is that the challenges of governments and its citizens in creating stable environments require alternate emphasis. Perhaps one needs to begin with a remarkable quotation from one of America's founding fathers, John Randolph: "I love liberty...and I hate equality" (Lerner 362). What this refers to, as Lerner (1957) explains it, is that there are really two meanings for the concept of "democracy." One is a sort of egalitarian principle as the American Declaration of Independence states- namely, that all men are created equal and that their government provides certain safeguards for their well-being. This is offset by another definition namely, where "the emphasis is on natural rights of the individual and the limited powers of government" (Lerner 362). In a sense this also explains the difference between a democracy, where the individual is omnipotent and a republican form of

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