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DREAMS

tical psychology. Jung saw libido as life energy which expressed itself in all areas. He believed the child's attachment to its mother represents a dependency need for food. Jung felt that people are also shaped by goals, hopes, and aspirations for the future. Jung placed great emphasis on the unconscious; he added a new dimension, the inherited experiences of humans and animal ancestors (the collective unconscious) (Schultz & Schultz, 1992).

Jung used terms such as psyche (conscious, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious). He talked of complexes in the personal unconscious (themes of emotions, memories, wishes). He considered the self to be the most important archetype (others were: persona, anima and animus, and shadow), balancing all aspects of the unconscious and providing unity and stability to the personality. His work also included terms such as introversion and extroversion, and the theory that, the personality differs through four functions: thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting (Schultz & Schultz, 1992).

Jung presented a more fruitful approach to the understanding of dream symbolism. He stressed the constructive forces in dreams and compared this to organizing processes with inherent healing tendencies. Jung claimed that the dream presents the inner truth of the dreamer as he is and not as it is supposed to be. Dreams are visions of the essential being, intuitive insights to the inner processes and experiences of what goes on within the self (Willig, 1958, & Jung, 1964).

Karen Horney (1885-1952) discussed the importance of cultural factors in the shaping of the personality and neurotic needs. She proposed that basic anxiety included a child's feeling of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world, and it arose from the parent-child relationship. This basic anxiety is a major force which motivates the seeking of safety and security. She stated men are motivated by womb env...

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DREAMS. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 10:45, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1707233.html