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Sustainable development involves "improving the quality of life in a city, including ecological, cultural, political, institutional, social and economic components without leaving a burden on the future generations...[that is] the result of a reduced natural capital and an excessive local debt" ("What Is a Sustainable City?," n.d.). In a contemporary city such as Dubai, city officials aspiring to achieve sustainable development face several challenges. The first challenge is that of rapid growth. The United Arab Emirates has been growing by 5% per year for the last 15 years, and the ensuing construction boom has produced a "huge expansion of urban areas, facilities, and infrastructure" which is expected to double withi

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Introduction In William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, we are treated to the rivalry between a merchant, Antonio, and his enemy Shylock, a money-lender. While the play revolves around the loan Shylock provides Antonio, demanding a "pound of flesh" if not paid in a timely fashion, it is also a love story between Bassanio and Portia (Shakespeare, IV.i.115). There is also a love relationship between Jessica and Lorenzo, and a strong case might be made for Antonio loving Bassanio. Antonio's affection for Bassanio encourages him to secure a loan from Shylock, so he might win the hand of Portia. Throughout the play the bonds of law, religion and social custom or community are a primary focus. Deception pervades the play, from Bassanio presenting himself as a wealthy suitor to Portia masquerading as a wise male lawyer. Through the ties that "bind" members of Venice to contracts and each other, we discover that mercy is a necessary quality if a community is to re

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During the 1960s, Marshall McLuhan developed a number of ideas or concepts related to the mass media. One of the most significant of these ideas is his theory that "All media, from the phonetic alphabet to the computer, are extensions of man that cause deep and lasting changes in him and transform his environment" (McLuhan 13). This definition of media as an extension of man that changes him and his environment seems even more relevant five decades later in an era of new communication technologies that permit people to be exposed to media from afar and to exchange information with others without regard to conventional boundaries of time or space. This analysis will analyze media as a form of extension of the human. Media as an extension of man is clearly seen in modern society and mass media. Daniel Boorstin (10) explores the illusory nature of life and the media in modern America in the concept of the "pseudo-event." Many media events are "pseudo-events" that ar

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I have been taught from nursery school through my senior year of high school that America is a country governed by one of the greatest constitutions in the world. As a nation, America is the symbol of freedom and equality to the rest of world, much of which is still ravaged by human rights injustices and oppressive governments. We can take pride in the fact that we are citizens of a country that has been impacted by civil rights leaders such as Harriet Tubman and Martin Luther King, Jr. and led by presidents like John F. Kennedy, Jr. and Ronald Reagan. America is the strongest power in the world, and the American president is the most powerful individual on the planet. This is not a power obtained through oppression but because we are a nation marked by courage, ambition, and intelligence.

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Madonna wears them ("News Video," n.d.). Britney Spears wears them ("About Us," n.d.). Kanye West wears them ("About Us," n.d.). So do Hulk Hogan and a variety of other Hollywood celebrities ("News Video," n.d.). You can see them on the set of Mr. and Mrs. Smith and on Usher's video, not to mention on singers Jesse McCartney and Katherine McPhee ("News Video," n.d.). Glitterati from every level of stardom own at least one pair. What fashion item are we talking about? They are Ed Hardy jeans. Ed Hardy jeans are the brainchild of California artist Don Ed Hardy, who is "commonly referred to as the 'godfather of modern tattoo' for his sophistication, depth and sense of experimentation" ("About Us," n.d.). Hardy's designs are recognized worldwide for their "technical brilliance and mesmerizing imagery" drawn from an eclectic mix of styles from American, Japanese, tattoo, surfing, and hotrod cultures ("About Us," n.d.). Exhibitions of his work have graced museu

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There may be no single divisive issue in the U.S. among even well-educated people than the issue of abortion. What generations ago was a deep dark secret, with the sort of back-alley disgraced physicians performing rudimentary abortions often in dingy and unclean surroundings, Abortion now is even a major political problem. What is obvious is that the divisions are social as well as religious. There are many who dispute the notion about when life begins. Catholics and conservative Evangelical Christians see birth as beginning at conception. Others see life as not being viable until the baby is born. The very notion of wanting or needing an abortion- for whatever reason, be it rape, incest, economic problems or even the fragility of mother and/or fetus has turned into a political matter of the woman's right to choose. One needs to examine both sides of the issue as well as realize that Abortion is no longer a secret last-minute device. Abortions have become numerou

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We have all been children at one time, and most of us can remember times when our parents had to leave us with someone else to go somewhere. Many of us had parents that worked, so we were left somewhere every day. This story identifies the disconnect that can occur between mother and child when it is necessary to leave the child each day, emphasizing that it is not always possible to repair the damage done thereby. The mother in "I Stand Here Ironing" was one such parent to Emily, who is now 19 years old. As the mother stands ironing, she reflects upon how she had to leave Emily to go to work every day, remembering the look on Emily's face that made it clear that her days at the center were harsh and desolate, with no one to fend for her. Emily's father was gone, and the mother had no choice; she could not hold a job and keep a five-year-old daughter with her at the same time. Unlike most of us, though, Emily had a much harder time of it. Essential

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In Paulo Coelho's book The Alchemist, Santiago learned many lessons. One of his first lessons came when talking to the old man, who told him, "when you really want something, it's because that desire originated in the soul of the universe. It's your mission on earth...[and] all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve it" (Coelho 22, 23). Santiago mastered this lesson by questing for the treasure and finding that key people come into his path just when he needs their wisdom, and circumstances change to benefit him. A second lesson is that when people are young, "everything is possible" and they know what their Personal Legend is, but as time passes they become convinced that they will not be able to realize it (Coelho 22). Santiago recognizes this truth and masters it by meeting the cha

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Magical realism is a form of literature described by Stephen M. Hart (305) as evolving within Latin American cultures, focused in part on the attempt to understand the reality of one's existence within a world that is chaotic and from which one can be disconnected. Paul Coelho's (135) The Alchemist fits within this genre and features a travelling shepherd boy who tells the Alchemist he encounters that "My Heart Is Afraid that it will have to suffer," the boy told the alchemist one night as they looked up at the moonless sky." Tell your heart that the fear of suffering is worse than the suffering itself". The text has been criticized for its use of clichés drawn from earlier and more profound and moving works within the genre of magical realism (May 1) and lauded for its abili

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Harold Kushner's book When Bad Things Happen to Good People demonstrates a limited view of God-a God who cannot intervene in pain and suffering. In Kushner's view, "God can't do everything, but He can do some important things" (113). Kushner tempers traditional belief in God as being omnipotent, willing and able to do miracles to rescue man from his dilemmas, with a view of God that applies limitations to His powers. Kushner suggests that we can believe in God but "not hold God responsible for life's tragedies" and that "God wants justice and fairness but cannot always arrange for them" (114). Kushner asserts that it is destructive to teach children that God can do anything, only for them to find out that He has done nothing to help them. He asks, "What better way to teach children to hate God than to teach them that God could have cured them, but 'for their own good' chose not to?" (115). Kushner assumes that God would help everyone if He could but that He can

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In the quest for less expensive energy alternatives, nuclear energy is once again being touted as "a clean, safe alternative" (Schrock, 1998). With global warming a concern for many, the potential to reduce greenhouse gases is another reason nuclear energy is being touted; comprehensive analysis of greenhouse gas emissions finds that "nuclear power is one of the least carbon intensive generation technologies" ("Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol," 2002, p. 7). Statistics show that in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD, countries, nuclear power plants have lowered the production of greenhouse gases approximately one-third, resulting in a savings of 1,200 million tons of carbon dioxide yearly ("Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol," 2002, p. 7). Nuclear energy, however, carries with it several unacceptable risks. First, there is always the risk of "catastrophic technological accidents" such as core meltdowns or other accidents that release harmful radioactivity into the environment where

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The Rampart Independent Review Panel (2000) identified a number of deviant behaviors exhibited by Los Angeles police in the Rampart area, including excessive use of force against suspects as well as innocent bystanders and stealing cash, drugs, and other goods stored evidence in evidence lockers. These particular examples of deviant behavior in the Rampart police unit resulted in part as a consequence of the empowerment of a unit called CRASH (Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums) (Rampart Independent Review Panel, 2000). Rampart CRASH developed a culture and a mentality indicating that the ends justified the means. Officers in the unit were allowed to resist supervision and control, routinely made up their own rules, were left with little or no oversight, and often blatantly and illegally ignored Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) procedures and policies. These violations, coupled with activities such as framing defendants, planting evidence, and even robbing a bank wer

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Safety is an important aspect for engineers regardless of their discipline. Electrical engineers, aerospace engineers, civil engineers, and mechanical engineers are each concerned with the safety characteristics of their projects and the level of tolerance that can be built into a project regarding failure. When loss of life-either singly or large numbers of fatalities-are a possibility, there is a direct relationship to the actions that engineers will take when designing or evaluating systems ("Safety Engineering," 2008). Civil engineers have a particular interest in safety since the civil engineers design bridges, roads, and other infrastructure projects that have the potential for significant loss of life

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In the last half of the 20th century, a number of avant-garde theatrical movements came to the fore and like a star burned brightly. For the most part they burned briefly, too, and faded, having exerted limited influence on the theory or practice of theatre. There were, however, two notable and not unrelated exceptions: (1) the theatre of the absurd, which developed more or less parallel with the philosophy of existentialism as promulgated by such playwright-philosophers as Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre and which has been characterized as having brought the avant-garde theatre of the 1920s and 1930s into the Anglo-American mainstream by the end of the 1950s (Esslin 289); and, (2) beginning in the 1960s, the work of Polish impresario, director, teacher, and theorist Jerzy Grotowski, whose experimental Laboratory Theatre and what he envisioned as a "poor theatre," also described as paratheatre, was markedly influential on Euro-American avant-garde theatre. Although Grotowski'

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If we begin our new populace from the standpoint of fairness and justice, we have the opportunity to carve out a shining future for everyone. Governing our platform will be the goal equalizing the distribution of social benefits, or more exactly, making sure that privileged persons do not exploit their advantages in ways that do not contribute to the welfare of those who are not privileged (Rawls 101). We begin with the place where we live, our environment. Moreover, our objective here is to rethink traditional priorities so that we can use our resources wisely. We understand that we cannot change habits of resource usage overnight, but we also understand that relying on traditional resources all too often results in problems for the producers and problems for the users. Natural disasters combine with human error too often for us to continue to rely on resources that are finite, controversial, and potentially destructive to the place where we live. Therefore, we will invest public funds in the development of renewable resources, especially solar, geothermal, and wind energy. This will be paid for by reducing subsidies to oil compani

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Dear Mr. Khan, I have heard of the troubles you are experiencing in your scripture class at Loyola Academy. High school can be difficult, especially at such a prestigious Jesuit college preparatory. But I am sure you will recover. And I think you will have a better understanding of the role of Jesus after reading this letter. Coming from your rich Muslim tradition, I am sure you are aware of your own faith's conception of God and its similarities and contrasts to the treatment of God in Christianity. Yet it is Christianity's unique view of Christ that demarcates its ideology most saliently. Debates in Christology have defined the Christian tradition since its inception. And the fruit of these debates is responsible for the varying Christologies across Christianity today. The common elements of those belief systems revolve around the ontological makeup of Jesus determined at the Council of Nicaea in 325, where it was decided that Jesus was not just an extraordinary human

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In simplest terms, the cost of capital is the return necessary to make a capital budgeting project worthwhile. A firm's total cost of capital is based on its cost of debt and cost of equity. This determines how the company can raise funds to invest in new projects or fund expanding operations. It can be raised through debt, equity or a combination of the two. It can also be defined as the rate of return the firm could earn by investing in a project with a similar risk coefficient. Two types of risk are considered; systemic risk is the risk inherent in the market or the system than cannot be diversified away. Will business get better or worse? The second risk category is unsystematic risk or the risk in a specific investment or project. It can be managed by creating a portfolio of projects or investments that bring the overall risk coefficient into line with the market risk. In the CAPM (a formula to relate risk and expected return) the risk relative to the market is the ( coef

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The cultural, tribal, and national identities of Native American Indians are marked by uniqueness that is defined in part by language, literature, and gender. The "scientific image" discussed by Berkhofer was developed by Euro-Americans in their representations of Indians but also figured into tribal and national identities, impacting Indians at a conceptual level. While Native American Indian nations and tribes originally had distinctly different cultures that "shared neither a universal language nor a known historical experience," and consisted of "hundreds of aboriginal groups speaking some 250 distinct languages," each with their own mode of living and unique culture, when the Europeans arrived on the continent, they gave all of these Native American groups a common name-"Indians" (Hertzberg 1-2). Even the name "Indian" came from the European explorers rather than from the Native Americans themselves (Hertzberg 2). In his book The Invented Indian: Cultural Fictions and

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James Joyce's short story titled "Araby" tells how an unnamed young man encounters barriers to the realization of a fantasy and as a result recognizes the limitations that are likely to be imposed on his adult life. The question addressed in this essay is how Joyce uses a combination of symbolism and setting to evoke the ordinary nature of the narrator's life and the fixation of his fantasy - a mystical bazaar called "Araby" which is the object of his fascination and from which he finds himself virtually excluded. Just as the young man finally achieves entry to the bazaar, he realizes that he is "a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger" (Joyce, 4). There are two distinct and discrete settin

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1. Why has the two-party system dominated U.S. politics? The two-party system has dominated U.S. politics because it has its roots in the early Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist factions from when the country was young ("Why the United States Has a Two-Party Political System"). With the Federalists representing capitalist ideals and the Anti-Federalists representing the working class, such as farmers, these two groups easily evolved into today's Republican and Democratic parties, respectively ("Why the United States Has a Two-Party Political System"). Since that time, it has been difficult to introduce other parties into the political system, because those two parties essentially cover all the bases. As a free nation, the United States does not have much demand for communist or socialist parties, and although libertarian ideals are sometimes popular, they are always in the minority ("Why the United States Has a Two-Party Political System"). No one wants to vote for a candidate that will probably be far outnumbered in the vote, because that is a waste of a vote ("Why the United States Has a Two-Party

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The article "Lawmakers Lay into Lehman CEO" makes it seem like the company's CEO, Richard Fuld, Jr., tried to tell investors the idea that the company was doing okay even though he knew that it was in trouble. Fuld said that he did not lie to investors. However, the "hefty borrowing, high pay, and excessive risk-taking" that lawmakers talked about shows that he probably did lie (Craig). Fuld told them that "there was no intent to mislead anyone," but this disagreed with the facts that were given in the case. This included his "upbeat public comments" on the company's financial situation. The article talked about investors that carried signs outside of Fuld's trial that said "Crook" and "Jail not Bail" (Craig). These signs show that the investors think Fu

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The term transgender is applied in a number of different instances to individuals, behaviors, and groups in which tendencies divergent from the normative gender role are common (Landen, Walinder, & Lundstrom, 1996). Transgendered individuals may exhibit characteristics that are normally associated with a gender other than their own and may or may not choose to live their lives as a member of the gender which most accurately describes them to themselves. Transgendered individuals have many identities, including drag kings and queens, transsexuals, transvestites, and androgynes. At issue in this report is an overview of the history of transgender culture, the mental health status and disparities among transgendered groups, and the primary characteristics of transgender culture. Historically, individuals identified as transgendered have long been a part of most cultures in both the Western and Eastern worlds. Among Native American people, transgendered individuals were common, a

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Sectionalism between the North and the South during America's Colonial Period continued until after the Civil War, proceeding in an evolutionary fashion. Initially, sectionalism was due primarily to geographic differences, as the South had the climate for an agricultural way of life, while the North's less accommodating climate demanded an economy based on commerce. The North also had excellent seaports for transoceanic commerce, an advantage that meant that the North tended to receive new technologies from overseas before the South did. Slavery was another facet of sectionalism, as the Southern plantation's success was predicated upon slave labor. Although there were slaves in the North, as well, they were not key to the success of the economy as they were in the South. Moreover, the South and the North were socially different by virtue of their widely divergent economies. In the South, polite society governed, and plantation life was one of teamwork and cooperation in

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Running head: IPO DEBT AS A STRATEGY Investment bankers have most of the same characteristics as any other intelligent predator. There is no question that the investment banker would like to see the firm use his firm to raise money for any project that finance it in some other manner. He is clearly interested primarily in fee income generation. That he wants to have the company issue more securities through his firm is a sort of compliment in that he feels that the business is attractive enough to make sale of both debt and equity simultaneously. The argument that the use of public debt as opposed to leasing or debt generated from some other source, presumably a bank, would make the company look "more aggressive" and hence this would somehow make the firm more attractive is interesting if diff

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In a world virtually destroyed by endless wars, a nuclear holocaust, or a global pandemic, it is inevitable that even the most basic interpersonal relationships will be changed. This is very much the case in both Cormac McCarthy's novel, The Road and in Alfonso Cuaron's dystopian film, Children of Men. This essay will consider the effects of a global conflagration of some type on parenting, considering the two "new worlds" depicted in the novel and the film and arguing that parenting in such settings takes on an element of transmitting the skills needed for survival rather than the skills needed for social, economic, or political advancement. The unnamed father and son in McCarthy's (3) novel live in a world in which "nights (are) dark beyond darkness and the days more gray each one than what had gone before." The father and son are endless travelers seeking a safe place where the young boy can grow to maturity and the father can survive long enough to achieve this goal. A c

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