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Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) refers to an enzyme that is typically found in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. CPK is also referred to as creatine kinase. The CPK test was developed to determine how much CPK is currently in the blood and identify excess levels of CPK in the blood to diagnose disease states (Anderson, 2007; Barohn, 2007; General Practice Notebook, 2010; Health Grades, 2010; Medicine Online, 2002; Medline Plus, 2010). This test is performed by drawing blood for the vein. A needle is inserted into the vein and the blood is collected. There is no special preparation for this test however certain drugs may increase the measurements of CPK, such as ampicillin, anesthetics, amphotericin B, aspirin, blood thinners, furosemide, alcohol, cocaine, clofibrate, and dexamethasone. When CPK levels are high this typically indicates that there has been a stress or injury to the brain, heart, or muscle tissue. Then this takes place, CPK is leaked into the blood

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This paper presents a discussion of psychoanalytic theory presented by Freud. How this theory explains human behavior/pathology or development, with the strengths and weaknesses of the theory is presented. The historical context of the theory, major contributors to the theory, five concepts from the theory, and an evaluation of the theory from personal religious perspective are provided. Freud's psychoanalytic theory was presented at the turn of the century. This theory came at a time when behavior was ignored and instead a physiological explanation of human behavior was sought. Freud presented the new notion that human beings had a purpose to their behavior even when behavioral patterns were abnormal. Thus, all behavior according to Freud was goal-directed and not random (Quigley, 2010). Freud's theory was a shock to the times and became a subject of controversy and debate. This theory influenced psychology, sociology, anthropology, art, and literature. Freud's theory as

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Harriet Harman is the Deputy Leader of Britain's Labour Party, sharing leadership responsibilities with Peter Mandelson, currently Britain's First Secretary of State. Although Harman is "regularly ridiculed by the media and the Conservative opposition for her alleged lack of understanding of policy," she has successfully used her popularity with grassroots Labour voters and women to win the deputy leadership contest in 2007 while "positioning herself as the staunchest advocate of female voters" (Guha 11). There are any number of reasons why Harman has achieved such dramatic success in a relatively short time, becoming with Mandelson and Prime Minister Gordon Brown, one of the most influential members of government. These three politicians have been characterized by Keshava Guha (11) as "of an earlier generation of Labour members of parliament (MPs) that cut their political teeth while finding a way to reinvent the party in the face of Thatcherism in the 1980s." Harman is the

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When educational standards are written, it is with the expectation that schools will adapt curriculum in a manner that is designed to ensure that students deal with the content and skills necessary to meet standards. Unfortunately, this ideal alignment is not always forthcoming. A lack of alignment may be due to such variables as inadequate resources at the school

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In Should Hate Speech Be Banned? Santa Clara University economics professor Fred E. Foldvary (2008) claims that hate speech should not be banned because it would undermine freedom and democracy. Foldvary (2008) claims that hate speech may be "offensive" but it is not "harmful," so should not be banned (p. 1). If we ban anything offensive, then we are choosing to censor language that we do not like which can lead to the kinds of abuses in Nazi Germany, where Jewish books or articles were ba

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School districts and individual schools are challenged not only to meet a growing number of standards with respect to student and school performance, but also to prioritize an often extensive and potentially conflicting group of standards. States have consistently raised standards since the implementation of the No Child Left Behind legislation,

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As a response to the article by Weiss (2005), "A journey in holistic growth" I find that I related particularly to a specific passage regarding being a woman, "means to be balanced and secure," which was a "new-found feeling" that could not be derived from material things but comes from knowing the self which brings a sense of "inner" security regarding being a woman. I find that this passage reflects what I have experienced personally and in a caring-healing role as a professional nurse. Today being a woman is hard to understand since there are so many new expectations placed on the role of the female. A woman must run the home, raise the children, and maintain a successfu

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Introduction Krodha Kali Vajravarahi, better known as the Goddess Kali, is considered the "Mother Goddess" to Hindus, but she is often depicted as one of the most powerful and terrifying deities in works of art. Originally sprung from the brow of the Goddess Durga during a battle with evil forces, the powerful Kali became popular with the composition of the Devi Mahatmya, a Hindu text of the 5th century (Dalmiya, 2001, p. 126). During this battle Kali became ferocious, killing everything in sight. Her husband Shiva threw himself under her feet to stop her rampage, and most images of Kali present a fierce, post-battle Kali naked and intoxicated by bloodshed. Fierce images of Kali may depict her as a dark and powerful force, but she is seen as a nurturing and loving mother to her children of India and other nations in Asia. As David R. Kinsley (1988) notes, in Hindu Goddesses: "Kali's dramatic, often offensive, always shocking appearance is not necessarily to be

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Just as libraries have changed, so has the practice of cataloging of resources that are available through libraries (Coyle, 2009). The major influence shaping the field of library resource cataloging is the Internet and its multiple databases which provide access to a wealth of materials of varying value that are not necessarily available even in the most comprehensive and well stocked academic research library. The advent of the Internet has created multiple opportunities for the establishment of databases that permit access to resources such as journal articles, full text reference books, institutional repositories, digital archives and curriculum materials that are openly accessible in cyberspace but not available in most libraries (Coyle, 2009). These open access resources are a valuable element in the user's information environment and should be seen by librarians not as rivals to library resources but rather as additions to those resources. In discussing the future of ca

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Deontology as developed in the philosophical system of Immanuel Kant and utilitarianism as presented by both Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill together form the foundation on which much of modern ethical reasoning is based. Of the two approaches, Kant's deontological analysis of the categorical and hypothetical imperatives provides the best foundation on which individuals as well as entire groups can base their moral and ethical decisionmaking. While utilitarianism is of value in informing consequentialist decisions, Kant's formula for determining what is and is not morally valid does not require any reference to a calculus, hedonistic or otherwise. Kant (50) introduces his discussion by asking the question of "whether it is not of the most utmost necessity to construct a pure moral philosophy" and goes on to state that "if a law is to have moral force, that is, to be the basis of an obligation, it must carry with it absolute necessity." Any moral principle that Kant (53) th

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The English/British efforts to conquer and absorb their home islands and overseas territories did not succeed in creating a pacified, loyal, profitable, and politically, religiously, and culturally homogeneous empire between 1250 and 1857. Although profit was certainly involved, it benefited primarily those that exploited slaves to become rich; British foreign subjects and domestic commoners were impoverished and oppressed. Moreover, Britain wielded power by virtue of its conquests, but that did not make it a homogeneous empire by any means. This paper will examine the texts and films used in this course and discuss why the British Empire was heterogeneous and what the contentious issues were. One of the most controversial issues in 18th century England was that of the slave trade. Levine points out that "It was the Atlantic slave trade, without question, that secured much of the vital wealth and political success of Europe and of the British Empire throughout th

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The promise of attaining a specific reward in exchange for learning how to do a task particularly well, or just for a long period of time, can be a powerful motivator if the reward itself has meaning to the individual. The promise of seeing an amoeba, for example, proved motivation for one child to learn to use a microscope and keep using it long after many such Christmas gifts have been discarded by other children (Dillard, n.d.). Intrinsic rewards-s

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Health Awareness of Patients With Untreated Headache and Hypertension Abstract Purpose of the study will be to teach health awareness to patients with untreated headache and hypertension, and how it can lead to aneurysms. A convenience sample of (N40) African-American females, Latino groups, and Asians is used. Introduction An aneurysm is an area in a portion of an artery that widens abnormally or balloons due to a weak blood vessel wall. Aneurysm is seen as a localized dilation or out pouching of a vessel wall or cardiac chamber. True aneurysms involve all three layers of arterial wall and are best described as a weakening of the vessel wall. Aneurysms can occur in any artery, but the most common sites are the major artery coming from the heart, abdominal aorta, the brain, the popliteal artery located behind the knee, the artery in the spleen, and the thoracic aorta. Medical researchers are not certain what causes aneurysms, particularly since s

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The purpose of this mini-lesson targeting sixth grade students is to facilitate improvements in reading comprehension through writing and revising drafts of alternative rewordings of information taken from a text. The task is essential to reading comprehension because as noted by Robb (1999), genuine reading comprehension is perhaps best reflected in the capacity of students to retell what they have read and to do so in a way that demonstrates their engagement with the primary text, their understanding of its concepts, and their ability to employ alternative phrasing, logical organization, point of view, sentence variation, and other language techniques in an effective manner. Similarly, Gallagher (2003) suggests that reading is not understood as isolated from writing and that mini-lessons are instrumental in helping a teacher to convey strategies to students that will be used often. The specific objectives for this mini-lesson are: . By the end of the lesson, students will

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According to Linda Gorman in an essay published online by the National Bureau of Economic Research, poverty rates are generally higher among children than among adults. According to the study she cited, about 18% percent of all children lived in households with incomes below the poverty line. However, only 7% of those living in households headed by a married individual were living below the poverty line, while households with an unmarried head and children present had poverty rates of 40.3%. Gorman's study also showed that the probability of being poor in America varies tremendously by race. Blacks and Hispanics in America are statistically much more likely to be poor than whites. About 83 percent of white children living in two-parent households headed by someone with at least a high school education will escape long-term poverty even if they fall, at some point, below the government's official poverty line. Gorman writes that in addition to marital status, race, and the other fac

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Since the steam locomotive was invented in England in 1797, rail travel and freight shipments have taken on increasing significance as more and more miles of track have been laid and as technology has improved the capacity of locomotives to deliver cargo in a timely and cost effective manner. In this essay, the changes taking place in the American railroad industry from its emergence as a monopoly in the nineteenth century to passage of the Staggers Rail Act in 1980 will be presented. It will be argued that the passage of the Staggers Act not only created a balanced regulatory system that continues to the present time, but also made America's freight railroads the most productive and affordable in the world (Association of American Railroads, 2009a). The first railroad in North America, the Baltimore & Ohio, was chartered by Baltimore merchants in 1827 but it was not until 1830 that the first regularly scheduled steam powered rail passenger service began operating in Sou

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Introduction The following presents a discussion of the ethical considerations of the repeal of the estate tax in 2010. Topics of estate tax, estate tax 2010 repeal, issues related to the estate tax 2010 repeal, and whether or not the repeal should take place are presented. This is followed by a summary and conclusions. Estate Tax Estate Tax refers to the tax related to the transfer of property at death. This tax is related to everything owned or that in which a vested interest is found at the date of death to include real estate, cash, securities, trusts, insurance, annuities, and business interests. Fair market value of these items is what the tax is based on rather than what was paid for them or what the value of the items was when paid for. Gross estate refers to the total amount of these items. Once the gross estate is determined there are deductions allowed in certain circumstances (estate administration costs, mortgages and debts, and property passing

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Prescribe Suboxone The following presents legislative and pharmacological arguments for the ability of nurse practitioners to prescribe suboxone for opiate addiction. A description of suboxone and its use for addiction is presented along with a description of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000(DATA 2000) and a review of desires of nurse practitioners to prescribe this treatment and related arguments. This is followed by a summary and conclusions. Suboxone, Use for Treatment, and DATA 2000 Addiction is an important issue and public health concern that leads to related problems such as drugged driving, child abuse, violence, and stress. It affects people of all ages and results in deaths for many. Drug addiction is a chronic disease that targets teens and peaks in adolescence and young adulthood. While rates of illicit drug use declined in teens from 2001 to 2004, the problem remains (NIDA, 2008 a-e). Subutex and Suboxone or approved generic versions of the

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Introduction The obesity epidemic among elementary school-age children is growing, with about one out of three children now considered overweight or obese (Nemours Foundation, 2009b). Obesity is determined by Body Mass Index (BMI) which uses weight and height to calculate a number that can be used as a surrogate for body fat percentage (Centers for Disease Control [CDC], n.d.). To determine whether a child is overweight, his or her BMI can be plotted on one of the BMI Growth Charts that are published by the Centers for Disease control (CDC). A child whose weight is at the 85th to just below the 95th percentile is considered overweight. A child whose weight is at the 95th percentile or higher is considered obese. Obesity in the U.S. is now being seen in very young children. The rates are race-specific. In one study of four-year-olds, Native Americans and Native Alaskans had the highest rates of obesity (31%), Hispanics, Blacks, and Caucasians had progressively lower rates (

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Most people engage in some type of amateur or even professional sport at some time in their lives. When one thinks of one's sport of choice, whether is be basketball, tennis, or even bike-riding or running, does it make sense that this sport should be criminalized to protect people against the inherent dangers? Obviously our society believes that people have an unalienable right to exercise our bodies in healthful ways, even if there are risks involved. Now consider a drug that causes fewer deaths and medical problems than amateur sports yet is as addictive as intravenous cocaine. If that drug is criminalized, should amateur sports then also be criminalized? As stated above, we as a society believe in amateur sports as a way of life. While people need protection from certain dangers-such as a highly addictive substance-there are activities in life for which people's free will should reign. Amateur sports is such an area. Question 2 #1 In the scenario of a drug that is

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This paper examines the literature on the consequences of parental overprotection of children. Several consequences are delineated and discussed. These include: failure to learn important insights needed for daily life; a sense of anger and frustration, general fearfulness and anxiety; substance abuse; paranoia; self-consciousness; self-obsession; lack of self-confidence and inner strength; emotional repression; depression; problem behaviors at school; failure to learn how to socially connect with others; neediness coupled with a demand for others to coddle them or give them special consideration in social settings; being picked on by school bullies; passive-aggressive behavior when thwarted; harsh language when thwarted; a tendency to see others as antagonists or enemies; academic problems, and social anxiety. The last section of the paper provides several recommendations to parents on how to avoid overprotecting their children. These include being totally honest with children, help

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In American Born Chinese Yang uses the characters of Chin-Kee and Danny to represent Jin's struggle for a coherent identity by making them a part of Jin's true but unknown identity. The context for that is a kind of thematic pun, with Jin conceptualizing his ambition as being a Transformer--that is, one whose identity is fluid. But Transformers are toys possessed of a kind of magic, which suggests Jin is somewhat confused about who he is and is trapped in magical thinking. The old herbalist engages in reverse psychologist, inviting Jin to be "anything you wish . . . so long as you're willing to forfeit your soul" (Yang 3). In other words, his persona will be of his own making, and its honesty will be a function of Jin's honesty. Chin-Kee is a lampooned ideal of Chinese tradition, and Danny is more or less the fully evolved Chinese-American immigrant. The "ideal," of course, is stereotypical. When Chin-Kee first encounters Danny, he calls him Cousin Da-Nee, and, per the lingu

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Outline Thesis: The readings of the works of Thoreau, Whitman, Dickenson, Frost and others demonstrate the ideals of the American Dream were forged in nature through self-reliance and individualism. All of these authors - and others including Jeffers, Ginsberg, and Collins - convey themes whose essence is self-reliance and individuality, often connected to nature. In the words of Emerson in "Self-Reliance": Net e quaesiveris extra ("do not seek outside yourself; look within). Promoting self-reliance and expressing brilliant individuality in their works; these authors all view conformity and social institutions (society) as the death of individualism. I. Introduction

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Introduction There is a longstanding perception that religion and science are incompatible and that religious people and scientists make up two distinct and openly hostile groups that will probably never reach a meeting of the minds. Actually, though, there are numerous scientists that are religious and numerous religious people that respect and embrace science, with a third group, the individuals vehemently devoted only to one side or the other, notwithstanding. The issue of religion versus science has never been so prominent as in the discourse on creationism and evolution. Here, the range of opinions on each side runs the gamut from unthinking full persuasion to open questioning and receptiveness to both scientific and religious explanations. There are people at both extremes of the argument that must by necessity be excluded from any thoughtful consideration of the issues-those religious people who believe that science is completely outside the realm o

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A current business issue in accounting that has ethical/corporate governance implications is that of auditor independence as it relates to conflict of interest. As financial scandals continue to occur around the globe, it has become clear that one of the most elemental weaknesses in auditing systems is a lack of true auditor independence (Moore, Tetlock, Tanlu, & Bazerman 10). In the United States alone, the blitz of accounting scandals starting with Enron and followed by WorldCom, Adelphia, Halliburton, Xerox, Tyco, and numerous others has brought to public attention the critical need for ethical standards in accounting (Moore, Tetlock, Tanlu, & Bazerman 10). With the advent of technology in accounting practice, the opportunities for unethical behavior became more abundant, but opportunity alone cannot explain the rampant unethical behavior being observed in today's major corporations. This paper will examine the issue of auditor independence as a critical factor in ethical

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