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Leaders today face a world impacted by globalization and rapid technological change. Globalization has changed the demographics of society and made the world seem smaller than ever before. People half a world apart who in decades past would have had no impact on each other can now have a significant effect on each others lives. Rug sellers in the United States may have to compete with third world rug dealers in Turkey equipped with laptops, and business practices in one country can now have a substantial effect on the people and businesses of another. Off shoring, outsourcing, and other practices that expand the walls of a company also expand its culture to include people of different backgrounds, nationalities, races, and creeds. The challenges facing leaders in this environment are ones that result from managing cultural differences, handling businesses that span continents, and managing a multi-generational workforce. According to DuBrin, "A multicultural leader is a leader with the skills and attitudes to relate effectively to and motivate people across race, gender, age, social attitudes, and lifestyles" (426). In order to achie

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Introduction: The Miller family is a blended family attends a step family support group to help them deal with the challenges of remarriage. There are unique issues faced by step families. For example, when deciding where to live following the remarriage, Mary's children felt that it was unfair that they had to be dislocated and moved into John Miller's home. John Miller's children felt that virtual strangers were trespassing on their personal living space when Mary's children moved. New arrangements had to be made about how the physical space would be reallocated to accommodate the new step-siblings which resulted in anger and resentment. To address this common but significant problem, one of the recommendations of the blended family support group involved purchasing a new home. This new home would be neutral territory and would provide a fresh start for everyone. The cost of selling one or both of the spouse's old homes and purchasing a new home for the new blended fa

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Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation in England developed separately and differently from the Reformation that arose in Europe. One reason for this difference was geographical; England was separated from Europe by the English Channel. More significant, though, was the fact that England's "developing national identity centered in large part in their monarchy, would eventually develop a religious establishment that was unabashedly nationalistic, legally centered in the monarchy, and strongly anti-papal" (Heitzenrater 3). The Catholic Church had become corrupt, charging people to marry, to be baptized, or even to bury someone on their land(a necessity if the deceased were to go to heaven (Trueman). Although the same corruption existed in both the English church and that of Europe, the events that precipitated the Reformation differed in each place. In England, Henry VIII had a dilemma that was complicated by the Catholic Church. His wife Catherine was no longer

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SWOT Analysis Strengths-Ben and Jerry's enjoyed a good position in the US super premium Ice cream market. Market share was second only Haagen-Dazs who enjoyed a 44% share the Ben and Jerry's 36 %. This was achieved in spite of a premium price point. The premium price of the product was supported by a very high quality image, which was developed by producing a very high quality product. The company had achieved a strong national distribution in its original US market. Weaknesses-This was achieved in spite of several glaring corporate weaknesses. The most obvious was a total lack of professionalism in its management. This in turn precluded the development of a clear achievable corporate mission. The company mission had and still has three parts: 1. Product Mission To make, distribute & sell the finest quality all natural ice cream & euphoric concoctions with a continued commitment to incorporating wholesome, natural ingredients and promoting business practices th

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The attached advertisement, designed for print and translated into an Internet promotion as well, represents the translation of the audio material advertising a new "smart cell phone" into new genres. The selected "text" or material is the now ubiquitous cell phone that combines many functions in a single device - traditional voice calling capacity, text messaging, a camera capable of both still and video pictures, Internet access with email, a word processing program, a calendar, address book, and many of the functions normally associated with a desktop computer system. The purpose of this essay is to offer an academic analysis of the impact of such a genre transformation, one in which the attached materials are indicative of innovative use of the Internet and the print media (a magazine advertisement) to promote a new hand-held electronic device. A genre is a classifying statement that is characterized by having what Shepherd and Watters (2005) call similar content and form w

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In Charles Dickens' novel Hard Times, the author provides us with a story of mill workers of Coketown, a hellish mill town that exists solely to exploit its human capital for profit. As Dickens tells us of one resident, Stephen, he lives in "the hardest working part of Coketown; in the innermost fortifications of that ugly citadel, where Nature was as strongly bricked out as killing airs and gases were bricked in" (Dickens 58). The lack of education and ability for upward mobility among the mill workers is readily apparent. Mill schools stick just to the "facts," and mill parents are desperate their children receive some schooling as a means of achieving a better lifestyle. The entire mill town is structured around the exploitation of human resources for the profit of the owners of the means of production. In this sense, the happiness of the greatest number of people, the measure of morality from a utilitarian perspective, is perverted in Coketown, since a handful of wealt

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My name is Aaron and I am the husband of Eppie, the adopted daughter of weaver Silas Marner, who also lives in Lantern Yard; this is a retelling of Marner's loss and redemption. Silas Marner is a respected member of our religious town and highly thought of in his church. He is supposed to marry Sarah, a servant girl, but she marries another parishioner whose deceit about Silas stealing from him causes Marner's expulsion from the parish. The betrayal of his beloved and a fellow churchgoer causes Silas to become a loner, living in the village of Raveloe: "Minds that have been unhinged from their old faith and love have perhaps sought this Lethean influence of exile in which the past becomes dreamy" (Eliot 12). The betrayal makes Silas turn away from life and take up an existence focused on work

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To: The Congress of the United States From: Senator John Adams Re; A Rejection of Strict Application of the Exclusionary Rule of Evidence The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, with its ban on "unreasonable searches and seizure," is the constitutional provision that, more directly than any other, governs police operations and administrative investigations (Hall. 1992). The Amendment emerges as one element on the effort to clarify the rights of individuals vis-à-vis governmental powers by balancing these rights against the legitimate need of society, through its authorized governmental agencies, to secure and maintain order and to execute the law. The Amendment is, according to some analysts, problematic in that it gives very limited details on how to deal with numerous search situations (Hall, 1992). Other Amendments (e.g., the 6th, 8th, and 14th) have also been addressed by the Courts in pursuit of confirmation of suspects' rights and the limits of state power.

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The Duluth, Minnesota lynchings of three black men accused of raping a white woman (Elias Clayton, Elmer Jackson, and Isaac McGhie) took place on June 15, 1920 (Minnesota Historical Society, 1). Along with three other blacks working in various capacities with a traveling circus performing in Duluth at the time, these young men were arrested following an accusation of rape by Irene Tusken and her friend, James Sullivan. Though an examination of Tusken by a physician revealed no physical signs of rape or assault, the blacks were arrested and later on the same day, a white mob of somewhere between 1,000 and 10,000 people removed the men from jail, beat them, and lynched three of them (Minnesota Historical Society, 2). Prior to reading the text and reviewing online materials regarding this incident, I knew little about this tragedy. I suspect that the crime is not better known in Minnesota because it is particularly heinous and because it represents an ugly episode in Minnesota history that many would like to simply forget. Additionally, I suspect that

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Ethical Dimensions of Cancer Research The question of whether or not cancer research that involves exploitation and possible extinction of plants and other vegetation should be considered ethical is complex. As noted by Dauvergne (2005), there is some evidence that treatment (and possibly a care) for various forms of cancer may be found within such materials; at the same time, environmentalists caution that excessive exploitation of these materials can lead to their devastation and the loss of vital biodiversity. Dauvergne (2005) suggests that it is possible to find a middle ground between uncontrolled research and environmental protection. Allowing

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Stephen Lukes (2004) offers three explanations of how decisions in political settings are likely to be made. Each of these decision models emerges from three competing views of power - what power is, how it should be used, its limits, and its application in different settings. The first view is that of the pluralists, which Lukes (2004) considers to be one-dimensional focused as it is on the study of concrete, observable behavior. The second perspective is the two-dimensional view which is inherently critical of the views set forth by the pluralists. Lukes (2004) says that in this view, power is used as a form of control meant to bring about specific outcomes and to differentiate between key issues that are real and those that are merely potentials. The two-dimensional view moves beyond the one-dimensional view by incorporating into the analysis of power relations the question of the control over the agenda of politics and the ways in which potential issues are kept out of the p

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Langston Hughes was engaged for much of his creative life in an effort to develop a uniquely African-American poetry, a genre of poetry in which the cultural experiences of a minority group could be presented, analyzed, felt, and conveyed. Many of Hughes' poems refer to this "Negro" experience, an experience that the poems reveal as inclusive of both rural roots and a new urban reality beginning in the 1920s. This essay will consider five of Hughes' poems with respect to their representation of this "Negro" ethos or voice. One poem by Hughes (1717) is "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" in which the poet traces the evolution of the African-American people from the Euphrates to the Congo to Egypt and to the southern American states. Like the rivers of these regions, including the Congo, Nile, and Mississippi, Hughes (1717) writes "my soul has grown deep like the rivers." His, he says, are an ancient people like the rivers, "older than the flow of human blood in human veins" (1717).

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In California (2008), second-degree murder is accompanied by a life sentence without the possibility of parole if the individual convicted of the crime has served a prior prison term for first- or second-degree murder. In the state of New York (2008), an individual convicted of second-degree murder is guilty of a Class-1 felony, and sentencing varies according to the nature of the crime, the st

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The Pentateuch is a book that ties people together. Much of the world can trace the foundation of their moral fabric it. According to the essays in Joseph Blenkinsopp's book Treasures of the Old and New: Essays in the Theology of the Pentateuch, the five books are an embodiment of the collective memory of the tribes of Israel. It was originally assembled to give solid form to the Jew's cultural identity and shared past as they returned from the Babylonian exile. The tribes chose to humbly accept it as the authority by which they lived. The cultural success they experienced led to the Pentateuch becoming a moral blueprint for running a just society. In his first essay, "Memory, Tradition, and the Construction of the Past in Ancient Israel", Blenkinsopp explains that the Pentateuch was assembled during the Babylonian exile that started after the destruction of the first temple in 586 BCE. The Jews had a collective history before that, but it was transmitted orally or scattered amon

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In Drew Hayden Taylor's article "Pretty Like a White Boy," he discusses his experience as a Caucasian-Ojibway man in Canada. His ethnic background is manifest in his blue eyes and light skin, which conceal his Native American heritage. At one point, he jokes, "I'd make a great undercover agent for one of the Native political organizations" (Taylor, 1992). In fact, his ability to blend in with the white majority exposes him to three types of racism: passive, or unconscious, racism, institutional racism, and horizontal racism. The first form of racism Taylor encounters is passive, or unconscious, racism, a widely prevalent phenomenon. "Examples include telling a racist joke, using a racial epithet, or believing in the inherent superiority of Whites" (Whited, n.d.). Taylor's cab driver, who said, "If you're not careful, all you'll get is drunk Indians" (Taylor, 1992), is guilty of passive racism. Since the cab driver assumed Taylor was white, he felt comfortable to make a racist comment about Native Americans. In Canada, where the majority of the population is Caucasian, it is easy to see how the idea of passive racism can exist; if t

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The development of an early warning system to predict and thereby potentially prevent genocides and other mass murders has been undertaken by various groups, including an organization known as the Fund for Peace (1), which offered a twelve-point set of signs that genocide might be pending. Fund for Peace (2) considers variables such as mount

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Blanche Dubois is the protagonist of Tennessee Williams' play, A Streetcar Named Desire. Her character represents a life that is falling apart, and she expresses this disintegration in her inability to control her thoughts, actions, and words in her interactions with the major characters in the play: Stella, Stanley and Mitch. Blanche's sister, Stella Kowalski, lives with her husband in New Orleans. When Blanche and Stella first see each other in Stella's apartment, Blanche's anxious and babbling behavior is off-putting, and it worries Stella. "No coke, honey," Blanche tells Stella, "not with my nerves tonight" (Williams 11). Blanche's judgmental tone when she criticizes Stella's home is obvious to Stella. But Blanche does not stop her needling: "But you - you put on some weight, yes, you're just a plump as a little partridge" (Williams 14), to which Stella takes offense. Blanche's inability to censor her thoughts to the one person who loves her unconditionally serves as one of the factors that push apart the two sisters. Though Stella worries about Blanche, she is also driven away from her, furthering Blanche's isolation and affecting Stella's final decision about B

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Women have come a long way as professionals over the past half century. Women have made advances as scientists and engineers, with a handful of them heads of universities and chief executive officers in scientific or engineering companies. The problem with this development is that only a "few" women have progressed to the top of these fields rather than "roughly half" which is their number in the general population. The main reason for this is the social and professional practice or phenomenon known as gender bias. As William J. Cromie (1999) argues, "Despite 30 years of effort to close the gender gap, it hasn't happened. In 1974, 3 percent of tenured professors in the sciences and engineering were women, compared to less than 10 percent of full professorships in these positions today" (p. 1). Women continue to face barriers to advancement in the sciences and engineering, primarily due to gender bias, but women also face other barriers in these professions relate

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Hagedorn (2005: 153-169) reports that: The American study of gangs can no longer start and stop with local conditions but today must also be rooted in a global context.... How else do we come to grips with Jamaican posses in Kansas.. San Diego's Calle Trente and their past relationship to Mexico's Arellano brothers cartel... the Russian "mafiya" in Chicago ..., female Muslim gangs in Oslo... LA's MS-13 and 18th Street as the largest gangs in Honduras and El Salvador...Nigerian drug smugglers coming through Ronald Reagan International Airport ...(and) Crips in the Netherlands. In other words, street gangs have gone global. This paper examines the literature on reasons why American street gangs and their behavior have become globalized and the possible mechanisms for this globalization. The paper also formulates a series of conclusions based on the literature reviewed on gang globalization. Hagedorn (2005: 153-169) gives several reasons why American street gangs

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Having experienced near bankruptcy in 1992 due to enhanced competition and a sharp decline in air traffic during the Gulf War coupled with a global recession, Lufthansa achieved a dramatic turnaround (Bruch, 2008). An awareness of serious crisis began to spread in early 1992, but the firm continued to hire new employees. With only 14 days of operating cash requirements in hand, CEO Jurgen Weber went to the major German banks to ask for money to pay salaries and only one state-owned institution (Kreditanstadt Fur Wladeraufbau) was willing to fund the company. The turnaround as described by Bruch (2008) began with a four week program on change management which then led to a meeting of 20 senior managers during which issues regarding radical changes were introduced. A series of 123 projects that were designed to reduce costs were put into action with implementation continuing in 2003. Most were completed during the turnaround but the balance of 30 percent of these programs

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For Cicero (20), a great Roman philosopher, the ideal as defined by Plato was the ideal to which he felt men should aspire. In On Duties, Cicero (20) makes the following statement clearly indicating his agreement with Plato (129) on the necessity of civic virtue and the nature of man and the necessity of statesmanlike leadership because man: ".... is endowed with reason+, by which he comprehends the chain of consequences, perceives the causes of things, understands the relation of cause to effect and of effect to cause, draws analogies, and connects and associates the present and the future -easily surveys the course of his whole life and makes the necessary preparations for its conduct." Just as Plato (103-104) argued that the state should be ruled by a unique class of guardians who were tested over time and found to be capable of exercising reason, demonstrating wisdom, and administering justice, Cicero (20) believed that the leaders of the Roman Republic should

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Automatic stabilizers are systems set up in order to reduce fluctuations in a country's real GDP, both positive and negative without any overt government action ("Automatic stabiliser," 2008). They are a key part of Keynesian economics. Some of the factors that can destabilize an economy are changes in consumption, investment, or exports. Changes in these factors have a multiple effect on the aggregate demand curve. The point of an automatic stabilizer is to reduce the multiple of the effect

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"Love Song" by Joseph Brodsky, "My Papa's Waltz" by Theodore Roethke, and Sherman Alexie's "On the Amtrak from Boston to New York City" are all in the genre of literature known as poetry. Despite this similarity of genres, each of the poems is distinct across other aspects of poetics including theme, symbolism, diction, and cultural influence. This analysis will provide a comparison and contrast of these three poems across these and other elements of poetry. In "My Papa's Waltz" and "Love Song," Roethke and Brodsky, respectively, employ a formal end rhyme scheme that is the conventional ABAB rhyme. The first stanza of "My Papa's Waltz" rhyme the first and third lines with "breath" and "death," while the second and fourth lines rhyme "dizzy" and "easy" (Roethke 1). Brodsky also employs this rhyme scheme in "Love Song," and like Roethke his diction includes site rhyme in addition to regular rhyme. In the fourth stanza Brodsky (1) rhymes lines one and three with "la

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In the paradox of contemplation of the divine, the sticking point is not so much whether God exists--a tiresome preoccupation--as whether God is worth the trouble if extant. One important reason is the problem of evil, as articulated in the writings of many philosophers and poets, If God be God he is not good; if God be good he is not God. Another reason is the ambiguity, the "unreachableness," of divine presence and agency in the world more generally. That is because God is, ultimately, unknowable by human beings. They are left to postulate and consider God's behavior, if any, but whether they are hostile to the idea of God or eager to express their faith, God as a concept, being, creative principle, or providential presence remains elusive. That is where the poet enters the picture, exploring the problems, ambiguities, and paradoxes of God in a variety of ways. 1. "Shiva" The creative principle of God is given treatment by Robinson Jeffers in "Shiva," a sonne

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The following presents the topic of the ways that biological and environmental factors affect human development. A review of literature is used to discuss this nature versus nurture issue. This is followed by a summary and conclusions. Nature Versus Nurture The nature versus nurture debate was initiated in the 19th century by Galton, who invented eugenics and selective breeding. This debate continued and dominated the 20th century (Hogenboom, 2003). Hogenboom further noted that this debate included two extreme views. Stalin presented one extreme in his communistic ideas that educational and the environment influenced human development and Hitler presented his alternate eugenic ideas about race superiority. The debate went on to enter the educational field with the question of whether children were blank slates that could be molded by the environment or whether their character and intelligence is inherited. Hogenboom stated that Ridley presented a view that synthesi

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